Clustering of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases in low-income, female adolescents

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the prevalence and clustering patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors among low-income, female adolescents. Materials and methods Cross-sectional study involving 196 students of public schools (11-19 years old). The following risk factors were considered in the analysis: excess weight, central obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. The ratio between observed and expected prevalence and its confidence interval were used to identify clustering of risk factors that exceeded expected prevalence in the population. Results The most prevalent risk factors were dyslipidemia (70.9%), and central obesity (39.8%), followed by excess weight (29.6%), and high blood pressure (12.8%). A total of 42.9% of adolescents had two or more risk factors, and 24% had three or more. Excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia were common risk factors in the clustering patterns that showed higher-than-expected prevalence. Conclusions Clustering of risk factors (≥ two factors) among the adolescents showed considerable prevalence, and there was a non-casual coexistence of excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia (mainly low HDL-cholesterol).

Clustering of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases in low-income, female adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and clustering patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors among low-income, female adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 196 students of public schools (11-19 years old). The following risk factors were considered in the analysis: excess weight, central obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. The ratio between observed and expected prevalence and its confidence interval were used to identify clustering of risk factors that exceeded expected prevalence in the population. RESULTS: The most prevalent risk factors were dyslipidemia (70.9%), and central obesity (39.8%), followed by excess weight (29.6%), and high blood pressure (12.8%). A total of 42.9% of adolescents had two or more risk factors, and 24% had three or more. Excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia were common risk factors in the clustering patterns that showed higher-than-expected prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: Clustering of risk factors (≥ two factors) among the adolescents showed considerable prevalence, and there was a non-casual coexistence of excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia (mainly low HDL-cholesterol).

Estado nutricional de escolares do semi-árido do nordeste brasileiro / Estado nutricional de los estudiantes de la región semiárida del noreste de Brasil / The nutritional status of schoolchildren living in the semi-arid area of northern Brazil

Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o estado nutricional de crianças com idade entre 10 a 17 anos matriculados em escolas públicas e privadas de diferentes regiões com características específicas do semi-árido brasileiro. Material e métodos Estudo transversal do tipo descritivo e comparativo, com uma amostra probabilística estratificada n=1 701(900 homens e 801 mulheres), escolhidas intencionalmente em três cidades das regiões Leste Potiguar n=1 158; Oeste Potiguar n=312; e Central Potiguar n=231, divididos em três grupos etários de 10 a 12 anos, 13 e 14 anos e ³ 15 anos. Para a classificação do índice de massa corporal, foi utilizada os pontos de corte de Conde e Monteiro. Resultados Entre as regiões existe uma diferença significativa com p<0001, na distribuição do índice de massa corporal. A RLP apresentou um excesso de peso e obesidade (16,8 por cento e 15,2 por cento), a ROP (16,3 por cento y 9,6 por cento) e a RCP (10,4 por cento e 3,9 por cento) respectivamente. Conclusões Adolescentes das regiões mais favorecidas, especialmente os estudantes pertencentes às escolas privadas do estado, tem uma prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade.

Objective This study was aimed at describing the nutritional status of 10 to 17 year old children enrolled in public and private schools from different regions having specific Brazilian semi-arid area characteristics. Material and methods This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study using a stratified probability sample (n=1 701). 900 children were male and 801 female selected from three cities, randomly chosen from 3 cities which were representative of the regions: Leste Potiguar-RLP (n=1,158), Oeste Potiguar-ROP (n=312) and Central Potiguar-RCP (n=231). They were divided into three age groups: 10 to 12 years, 13 and 14 years and e ³ 15 years. Conde and Monteiro cutoff points were used for body mass index (BMI) classification. Results Regarding the regions, there was a significant difference (p<0001) in BMI distribution. RLP presented excess weight and obesity (6.8 percent, 15.2 percent), ROP (16.3 percent, 9.6 percent) and RCP (10.4 percent, 3.9 percent), respectively. Conclusions Adolescents in the most favored regions (especially students in private schools in the region) had a prevalence of being overweight and suffering from obesity.

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio es describir el estado nutricional de los niños de 10 a 17 años matriculados en escuelas públicas y privadas de diferentes regiones brasileñas semi-áridas. Material y métodos Estudio transversal, descriptivo y comparativo, con una muestra probabilística estratificada conformada por 1 701 escolares (900 varones y 801 mujeres), elegidos al azar en tres ciudades, representativas de regiones: Leste Potiguar-RLP, n=1158; Oeste Potiguar-ROP, n=312; Central y Potiguar-RCP, n= 231, divididos en tres grupos de edad, 10 a 12 años, 13 y 14 años y ³ 15 años. Se usó el método de los puntos de corte para Conde y Monteiro para clasificar el índice de masa corporal. Resultados Relativa a las regiones hubo una diferencia significativa con p<0001, en la distribución del índice de masa corporal. La RLP presenta exceso de peso y obesidad (16,8 por ciento, 15,2 por ciento), el ROP (16,3 por ciento y 9,6 por ciento) y RCP (10,4 por ciento y 3,9 por ciento) respectivamente, Conclusiones Adolescentes en las regiones más favorecidas, especialmente los estudiantes pertenecientes a las escuelas privadas en el estado, tienen una prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad.